What primary factor contributes to the development of acne?

The primary factor contributing to the development of acne is hormonal changes in the body. Hormones, particularly androgens, play a significant role in regulating sebum production. During puberty, hormonal fluctuations can lead to an increase in oil production by sebaceous glands, resulting in clogged pores and the formation of acne. Additionally, hormonal changes associated with menstruation, pregnancy, and conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome can trigger acne flare-ups in individuals who are predisposed to the condition.

While excessive cleaning of the face, poor hydration levels, and exposure to sunlight may influence skin health, they are not primary causes of acne. Over-washing the face can actually irritate the skin and exacerbate acne for some individuals. Adequate hydration contributes to overall skin health, but dehydration itself does not directly lead to the formation of acne. Similarly, while sunlight may have a temporary drying effect that may improve the appearance of acne, it can ultimately lead to skin irritation and does not address the underlying factors that cause acne. Therefore, hormonal changes remain the key contributor to acne development.